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反滲透設備常見問題維修指南(二)

2021-06-03  來自: 環保水圈 瀏覽次數:1325

反滲透設備是由多個部件組成的水處理設備,由于設備的主要核心部件是反滲透膜,所以我們在使用時要格外注意,以免出現問題。但任何設備也抵不過長時間的使用消耗,一旦反滲透設備出現問題,如果不及時解決,可能就會影響整個生產的進度,為了避免這一問題,衡美水處理為您總結反滲透設備常見問題維修指南

反滲透設備

三、實操問題解答

1反滲透設備中密封圈為什么會出現膨脹現象?

水處理設備中反滲透設備為實現膜殼中各區間的密封隔離,膜殼中需要三類密封膠圈。為了減小安裝阻力,系統安裝時均應在各密封圈表面涂抹清水或甘油。需要注意的是,潤滑劑應慎用凡士林或其他石油類油脂潤滑劑,否則將造成淡水管的裂化,特別是會造成密封膠圈的膨脹。膠圈的膨脹一般并不直接影響系統的運行效果,但會影響系統卸載后再次裝載,即裝載時膨脹的膠圈難于進入槽位。

2反滲透設備各原件的產水量一致嗎?

反滲透設備中由于膜元件的給水端與濃水端之間存在壓力差即膜壓降,又因每只元件的濃水含鹽量均高于給水含鹽量,故每只元件的給水滲透壓沿系統流程不斷上升。如果忽略淡水背壓及滲透壓,沿系統流程的每只膜元件的產水量將與各自的工作壓力及滲透壓的差值呈正比,即每只膜元件的產水量逐漸下降。

3、原水的 pH對反滲透膜脫除率及壽命會有影響嗎?

反滲透設備作為水處理設備中主要的過濾工藝,那么在原水進入都反滲透膜中,原水的 pH 值對反滲透膜會不會帶來傷害,一般來說反滲透膜才有的材質多為復合型膜材料,這種膜材料在使用時如果是根據產品規定的 pH 值的范圍內,一般為 2-11,那么 pH 值對膜本身帶來的傷害及影響是較小的。至于 pH 對反滲透膜脫鹽率的影響,則是由水中的多種離子本身的特性pH 值所影響的,這是由于離子本身的酸堿性、分解性,電荷的程度來決定的,這些都是會導致膜的脫鹽率降低的因素。有此可見 pH對于某些雜質的脫鹽率還是存在著影響。同理,如果反滲透膜的對 CO2 的脫除率為零時,增加原水的 pH值,讓CO2轉化為CO32-時,這樣反滲透膜就可以有效的脫鹽。但是這時要提別的注意反滲透膜的結垢問題。

4反滲透設備運行時應該怎么操作?

采用低壓低流量的手法將管道中的空氣趕走,只有管道中的空氣不存在,設備才能正常的運行。首先壓力要保持在 0.2~0.4MPa 之間。使用低壓沖洗和排氣時,要將產生的濃水和產水排放到下水道中。如果在運行時壓力上升較快的時候,這是膜元件中存有空氣,將會產生水流與徑向的沖擊力。這樣的情況下可能就會使膜的外包皮破裂,造成反滲透膜不可修復的情況。開始使用時,要將膜運行的壓力調節至 0.2~0.4MPa 進行沖洗,要保證反滲透系統每次啟動時都會自動低壓沖洗反滲透膜功能。

5反滲透設備中保安過濾芯如何更換?

保安過濾器在使用一段時間之后,由于使用年限久,處理的水質會發生差異。這時就會出現濾芯污堵的情況,更換濾芯要根據過濾器前后的壓差,當壓差大于 0.03MPa 時應考慮更換。

更換方法

將反滲透系統關閉。將壓力去除,按下設備泄壓閥的按鈕,直到壓力表上的指示為零。用扳手旋轉式將過濾器的濾瓶打開。抽出舊的濾芯,將新的濾芯換上。用扳手將過濾器的濾瓶旋轉式擰緊。

6反滲透系統如何清洗消毒?

一般對于反滲透系統的清洗要求是由技術人士來進行,客戶不可以自行清洗。如果反滲透系統需要清洗應該聯系廠家人員來完成。

下面的條件是需要化學清洗的前提,若出現就可進行清洗。

化學清洗的前提條件:

系統的產水量比初期或是上一次運行清洗時降低百分之五時。系統的脫鹽率比初期或是上一次運行清洗時降低百分之五時。系統各段的壓力差值和初期或是上一次運行清洗后的1-2 倍時。系統需長期停運時用保護溶液保護前。

備注:

產水量和脫鹽率是會受到水溫的影響的,所以在測試的結果應該是在應該在相同水溫的情況下得出的結果。

7反滲透設備除氟效果好嗎?

人使用了超氟水的話,會對人體造成傷害,為了避免人們在生活當中遭受氟的危害,可以利用反滲透設備進行除氟。地下水中的氟離子大多來自于圍巖侵蝕溶解作用,而在水中還含有大量可溶性離子,在進行除氟時要考慮除氟對其他分子的影響。含鹽量過大的地下水中采用反滲透設備除氟去除率并不是太高。但反滲透法和與其他方法相比,它操作簡便,處理效果好。

8純化水設備出水水質的基本要求有哪些?

純化水設備制取的純化水在醫藥、生物醫療等行業的使用。但是純化水水質的基本標準又是什么呢?中國藥典及歐洲藥典都明確指出:制水的原水至少要達到飲用水的標準。如果不達標,需進行進化處理,直到達標為止。除了大腸桿菌有明確的規定外,其他的細菌一起不許超過100 /ml。在純化水設備制水的過程中,還會存在內部污染,純化水設備中各種水處理裝置都有可能成為污染源。所以要經常對純化水設備進行清洗和消毒,另外,純化水設備的末端還應該安裝殺菌消毒裝置。

9純化水設備出水水質的特點有哪些?

純化水設備制取的出水水質符合規定的衛生標準,符合企業的實際生產標準。純化水設備的出水——純化水具有兩個特點。

一個特點是純化水設備安裝的消毒滅菌的設備逐漸增多。

另一個特點是純化水設備的管路分配系統由循環管路代替了傳統的送水管路。

這兩個特點都是為了控制微生物污染和細菌內毒素的增加。同時,還要注意管內流速對微生物繁殖的影響,即管道內的流速過低或者堵塞,就可能造成微生物的繁殖增多,影響水質。

10軟化水設備的安裝位置的選擇有哪些要點?

軟化水設備的出水水質良好,系統運行穩定,被很多企業使用。在安裝軟化水設備的同時,應該注意一下幾點:

1)軟化水設備應盡可能靠近排水處。

2)如果需要其它水處理設備,應該預留安裝位置。

3)由于經常性向鹽箱中加鹽,應設置放鹽的位置。

4)不要將軟化水設備安裝于離鍋爐3米以內的地方,否則熱水會回流至軟化水設備中,造成損壞。

5)要將軟化水設備置于室溫低于1°C和高于49°C的環境中。

11軟化水設備的使用注意事項有哪些?

軟化水設備是去除水水中的CaMg等離子,降低水的硬度,使水軟化的水處理設備。軟化水設備經過長時間的使用,要遵循相關注意事項

1)軟化水設備在使用時進水口應該長期打開,除非是設備檢修的情況下才需要關閉。如無須用水則可以關閉出水閥。

2)如果因為軟化水設備再生不完全導致的出水不合格可以手動再生。

3)軟化水設備在長期停用時需要將鹽水吸入罐內保護。

4)再次投入使用時只需再備好和正常工作一樣都的鹽水,先打開進水閥,然后接上電源,讓設備自行復位后再手動再生一次完畢就可以打開出水閥。

5)如果使用的工業鹽太臟,應該每年清洗一次鹽桶,以保證吸鹽過程的順利進行。

12超純水設備的安裝標準有哪些?

純水設備的出水水質良好,適合各類企業的生產需要,使用的范圍也就逐漸擴大。本文主要介紹純水設備安裝時標準說明

1)設備安裝場地應當選擇在平整,環境整潔,緊靠電源、水源的環境當中。

2)請勿靠近火源及任何發熱體,以避免受熱影響其運行的效率。

3)在北方地區不得將設備安裝在室外,以防設備內部凍結,損壞儀表及過濾元件。

4)設備安裝位置應能方便排水,使設備的排水管保持順暢。

5)系統所用的水泵工作壓力確保在1.0-1.2Mpa,確保水泵在其額定揚程范圍內工作。


衡水市衡美水處理設備有限公司,專營 淺層砂過濾器 過濾器 全自動加藥裝置 原水處理設備 等業務,有意向的客戶請咨詢我們,聯系電話:0318-2987119

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