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RO反滲透機(jī)組分析

2021-05-11  來(lái)自: 環(huán)保水圈 瀏覽次數(shù):1019

一、RO反滲透技術(shù)


RO反滲透技術(shù)(簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)RO)是膜分離技術(shù)的一種,它依靠反滲透膜在壓力下使溶液中的溶劑和溶質(zhì)分離的特性工作。反滲透是用足夠的壓力使溶液中的溶劑(一般常指水)通過(guò)反滲透膜(一種半透膜)而分離出來(lái),方向與滲透方向相反,可使用大于滲透壓的反滲透法進(jìn)行分離、提純和濃縮溶液。

反滲透裝置是將原水經(jīng)過(guò)精細(xì)過(guò)濾器、顆?;钚蕴歼^(guò)濾器、壓縮活性碳過(guò)濾器等,再通過(guò)泵加壓,利用孔徑為1/10000μm(相當(dāng)于大腸桿菌大小的1/6000,病毒的1/300)的反滲透膜(RO膜),使較高濃度的水變?yōu)榈蜐舛人瑫r(shí)將工業(yè)污染物、重金屬、細(xì)菌、病毒等大量混入水中的雜質(zhì)全部隔離,從而達(dá)到飲用規(guī)定的理化指標(biāo)及衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn),產(chǎn)出至清至純的水,是人體及時(shí)補(bǔ)充水份的科學(xué)選擇。由于RO反滲透技術(shù)生產(chǎn)的水純凈度是目前人類(lèi)掌握的制水技術(shù)中較高的,潔凈度高,所以人們稱(chēng)這種產(chǎn)水機(jī)器為反滲透純凈水機(jī)。 反滲透裝置應(yīng)用膜分離技術(shù) ... (展開(kāi))分離技術(shù),能有效地去除水中的帶電離子、無(wú)機(jī)物、膠體微粒、細(xì)菌及有機(jī)物質(zhì)等。是高純水制備、苦咸水脫鹽和廢水處理工藝中的設(shè)備。廣泛用于電子、醫(yī)藥、食品、輕紡、化工、發(fā)電等領(lǐng)域。

RO

二、RO反滲透原理


反滲透是用足夠的壓力使溶液中的溶劑(一般常指水)通過(guò)反滲透膜(一種半透膜)而分離出來(lái),方向與滲透方向相反,可使用大于滲透壓的反滲透法進(jìn)行分離、提純和濃縮溶液。利用反滲透技術(shù)可以有效的去除水中的溶解鹽、膠體,細(xì)菌、病毒、細(xì)菌內(nèi)毒素和大部分有機(jī)物等雜質(zhì)。反滲透膜的主要分離對(duì)象是溶液中的離子范圍,無(wú)需化學(xué)品即可有效脫除水中鹽份,系統(tǒng)除鹽率一般為百分之九十八以上。所以反滲透是科學(xué)、環(huán)保的一種脫鹽方式,也已成為了主流的預(yù)脫鹽工藝


三、RO反滲透技術(shù)的發(fā)展


1953年美國(guó)佛羅里達(dá)大學(xué)的Reid等人提出反滲透海水淡化,1960年美國(guó)加利福尼亞大學(xué)的Loeb和Sourirajan研制出可實(shí)用的反滲透膜。從此以后,反滲透膜開(kāi)發(fā)有了重大突破。膜材料從初期單一的醋酸纖維素非對(duì)稱(chēng)膜發(fā)展到用表面聚合技術(shù)制成的交聯(lián)芳香族聚酰胺復(fù)合膜。操作壓力也擴(kuò)展到高壓(海水淡化)膜,中壓(醋酸纖維素)膜,低壓(復(fù)合)膜和超低壓(復(fù)合)膜。80年代以來(lái),又開(kāi)發(fā)出多種材質(zhì)的納濾膜。


四、RO反滲透工藝流程


水箱→源水增壓泵→多介質(zhì)過(guò)濾器→活性碳過(guò)濾器→陽(yáng)樹(shù)脂軟化器→保安過(guò)濾器→RO反滲透純水系統(tǒng)→二級(jí)RO反滲透純水系統(tǒng)→水氣混合器→臭氧殺菌機(jī)→不銹鋼純水罐→ 全自動(dòng)灌裝線(xiàn)


五、RO反滲透設(shè)備特點(diǎn)


由于RO反滲透設(shè)備無(wú)需加熱、能耗少,運(yùn)行過(guò)程連續(xù)穩(wěn)定,設(shè)備體積小、操作簡(jiǎn)單,適應(yīng)性強(qiáng),對(duì)環(huán)境不產(chǎn)生污染而逐步取代傳統(tǒng)的離子交換工藝。BSWRO系列反滲透裝置是采用專(zhuān)用RO技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì),關(guān)鍵部件泵,工藝不科學(xué),而且產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量可靠,可擴(kuò)展性強(qiáng),結(jié)構(gòu)合理占地小,水利用率及產(chǎn)品壽命取得很好的平衡,能耗低,全自動(dòng)運(yùn)行,操作維護(hù)簡(jiǎn)單。


六、RO反滲透設(shè)備的應(yīng)用范圍

1、制藥、醫(yī)藥行業(yè)無(wú)菌、無(wú)熱原純化水制取;

2、電子、電力行業(yè)用超純水;

3、生物用水;

4、化工、化妝品配料用水;

5、苦咸水、海水淡化;

6、電鍍涂裝行業(yè)所用溶液配給,零件清漂洗;

7、機(jī)械、特種材料,光電材料,石英制品行業(yè)用的清洗,配給,冷卻水;

8、飲用純凈水、食品飲料用水。


七、應(yīng)用范圍


1、電子、醫(yī)藥、食品等工業(yè)中純水、超純水制備;

2、輕紡、化工用水的凈化與制備;

3、食品飲料用水、釀酒工藝用水的凈化與制備;

4、工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中對(duì)水溶液進(jìn)行有用物質(zhì)和濃縮與回收;

5、電廠等企業(yè)高壓鍋爐補(bǔ)給水的預(yù)脫鹽處理;

6、苦咸水和海水的脫鹽淡化;

7、作為高純水生產(chǎn)的除鹽設(shè)備。


八、進(jìn)水水質(zhì)要求


1、進(jìn)水SDI(15分鐘)<5

2、進(jìn)水濁度<1.0NTU

3、進(jìn)水自由氯濃度<0.1ppm

4、進(jìn)水溫度<45℃

5、進(jìn)水含F(xiàn)e值<0.05ppm


九、設(shè)備操作


1、安裝

A、管狀罩的膜暴露在外表,要注意保護(hù),以免損傷膜面;

B、罩在安裝時(shí),要保證膜管自然懸垂,不得彎曲受力,防止膜管折斷或損壞膜面;

C、緊固卡環(huán)螺母時(shí),應(yīng)均勻用力分幾次擰緊,以防導(dǎo)管受損;

D、安裝電線(xiàn)時(shí),電線(xiàn)之間要用力擰緊螺母,以免造成打火,燒毀膜管;

E、管安裝時(shí),不得將膜面露出槽液面;

F、安裝罩用的掛具不得接地。


2、使用

A、膜管在槽上固定好后,無(wú)論有無(wú)槽液,應(yīng)馬上進(jìn)水循環(huán),以防膜面脫水干縮,損壞膜管;

B、罩進(jìn)行工作時(shí),要在膜管內(nèi)充滿(mǎn)水的情況下送電,向干燥的罩送電會(huì)燒毀膜。


3、維修

A、個(gè)別膜管滲漏來(lái)不及換修,關(guān)閉液進(jìn)口閥后,應(yīng)切斷電源,以防干燒電極;

B、換修罩時(shí),先切斷電源,以防觸電;

C、倒槽檢修期間,不得停止液循環(huán),用低壓水沖掉膜面的浮漆,防止漆干涸后減低膜的效率;

D、在RO反滲透設(shè)備的使用中應(yīng)嚴(yán)格按照說(shuō)明書(shū)操作,以防因操作失誤而引起不必要的損失。


十、技術(shù)說(shuō)明

反滲透(簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)RO)是膜分離技術(shù)的一種,它依靠反滲透膜在壓力下使溶液中的溶劑和溶質(zhì)分離的特性工作。

“滲透”是一種物理的現(xiàn)象,逆滲透就是在含有鹽及各種細(xì)微雜質(zhì)的水中(即原水)施加比自然滲透的更大的壓力,使水從濃度高的一方逆滲透濃度低的一方,而原水中絕大多數(shù)的細(xì)菌雜質(zhì)、有機(jī)物、重金屬、細(xì)菌、及其它有害物質(zhì)等都經(jīng)污水口排放。


十一、RO反滲透純水機(jī)

RO反滲透純水機(jī)是一種通過(guò)流行的反滲透等辦法,對(duì)原水進(jìn)行過(guò)濾處理(物理法)后不添加任何化合物而生產(chǎn)出可供人類(lèi)直接飲用的純凈水機(jī)器(也稱(chēng)為終端凈水設(shè)備)。采用水質(zhì)符合中國(guó)衛(wèi)生部《生活飲用水水質(zhì)衛(wèi)生規(guī)范》(2001)規(guī)定的市政自來(lái)水為原水,通過(guò)2個(gè)活性炭濾芯(1個(gè)顆?;钚蕴?、1個(gè)燒結(jié)活性炭)1個(gè)PPF溶?chē)姙V芯對(duì)原水進(jìn)行預(yù)過(guò)濾,再對(duì)預(yù)過(guò)濾水施加壓力令其通過(guò)孔徑大小為萬(wàn)分之一微米的RO(反滲透,英文Reverse Osmosis)膜,過(guò)材質(zhì)為果殼(椰殼)的載銀活性碳(又名小T33)調(diào)節(jié)水的酸堿度(使制出的純凈水口感變得甘甜醇美)而生產(chǎn)出純凈水。

RO反滲透純水機(jī),引進(jìn)美國(guó)超低壓逆滲透技術(shù)和配件,生產(chǎn)出家用和團(tuán)體用純凈水裝置,該裝置產(chǎn)水運(yùn)行、穩(wěn)定可靠、操作簡(jiǎn)單,占地面積小,去除水中鈣、鎂、細(xì)菌、有機(jī)物、無(wú)機(jī)物、金屬離子和放射性物質(zhì)等,經(jīng)過(guò)該裝置凈化出的水晶瑩清澈、甜美甘醇。該裝置適用于家庭和賓館、酒店、醫(yī)院等企事業(yè)單位飲用凈水使用。

RO反滲透純水機(jī)制出的純凈水相對(duì)于桶裝水更新鮮、更衛(wèi)生,它的用途非常廣泛:可以生飲,也可以燒開(kāi)喝,在這方面突出的特點(diǎn)是水壺或電暖瓶再也不會(huì)結(jié)水垢了;純水用于烹飪,更加衛(wèi)生,更加可口;用純水洗浴,可以清除皮膚上的雜質(zhì),滋潤(rùn)皮膚,起到自然美容的效果;可以提供給加濕器、蒸汽熨斗、美容儀等小家電所需用水,決不會(huì)出現(xiàn)讓人討厭的水垢;與制冰機(jī)配套使用,制成的冰塊晶瑩剔透,無(wú)任何異味。


十二、RO反滲透純水機(jī)原理

級(jí)過(guò)濾:5微米PP纖維濾芯(去除水中肉眼可見(jiàn)雜質(zhì),包括泥沙、紅蟲(chóng)、鐵銹等)

二級(jí)過(guò)濾:顆?;钚蕴繛V芯 (吸附有機(jī)物和異色、異味,如農(nóng)藥等)

第三級(jí)過(guò)濾:1微米PP纖維濾芯(濾除細(xì)微顆粒有機(jī)物)

第四級(jí)過(guò)濾:RO膜反滲透技術(shù) (應(yīng)用膜分離技術(shù),將水中所有細(xì)菌、病毒、重金屬、有機(jī)化合物等)

第五級(jí)過(guò)濾:后置抑菌活性炭 (吸附異味,調(diào)節(jié)水的口感甘醇甜美,利于人體吸收)


關(guān)鍵詞: RO 機(jī)組 衡美 水處理

衡水市衡美水處理設(shè)備有限公司,專(zhuān)營(yíng) 淺層砂過(guò)濾器 過(guò)濾器 全自動(dòng)加藥裝置 原水處理設(shè)備 等業(yè)務(wù),有意向的客戶(hù)請(qǐng)咨詢(xún)我們,聯(lián)系電話(huà):0318-2987119

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