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環境保護50個小常識(二)

2020-04-19  來自: 衡美水處理公眾平臺 瀏覽次數:1094


如何發展環保事業?

衡美水處理為您介紹一項環境保護的***知識——環境保護50個小常識

環境保護

26、選綠色包裝——減少垃圾災難

每人每天丟掉的垃圾重量超過人體平均重量的五六倍。北京年產垃圾430萬噸,日產垃1.2萬噸,人均每天扔出垃圾約1千克,相當于每年堆起兩座景山。我國目前垃圾的產生量是1989年的4倍,其中很大一部分是過度過包裝造成的。不少商品特別是化妝品、保健品的包裝費用已占到成本的30%50%。過度包裝不僅造成了巨大的浪費,也加重了消費者的經濟負擔,同時還增加了垃圾量,污染了環境。

27、認綠色食品標志——保障自身健康

目前,全國有綠色食品生產企業300多家,按照綠色食品標準開發生產的綠色食品達700多種,產品涉及飲料、灑類、果品、乳制品、谷類、養殖類等各個食品門類。其它一些綠色食品,如全麥面包、新鮮的五谷雜糧、豆類、菇類等也是對人體健康很有益處的。

28、買無公害食品——維護生態環境

食品污染源:

一是工業廢棄物污染農田、水源和大氣,導致有害物質在農產品中聚集;

二是化學肥料、農藥等在農產品中殘留;

三是一些化學色素、添加劑在食品加工中不適當使用;四是儲存加工不當導致的微生物污染。水果和蔬菜上的農藥侵入人體數年后,就會通過癌癥和免疫系統、***分泌系統及生殖系統的紊亂表現出來。

29、少用一次性制品——節約地球資源

那些“用了就扔”的塑料袋不僅造成了資源的巨大浪費,而且使垃圾量劇增。我國每年塑料廢棄量為100多萬噸,北京市如果按平均每人每天消費一個塑料袋計算,每個袋重4克,每天就要扔掉44克聚乙烯膜,僅原料就扔掉近4萬元。如果把這些塑料鋪開的話,每人每年棄置的塑料薄膜面積達240平方米,北京1000萬人每年棄置的塑料袋是市區建筑面積的2倍。

30、自備購物袋——少用塑料袋

德國,不少超市里的塑料袋不是免費提供的,這是為了減少塑料袋的使用。很多德國人買東西時,習慣提著布兜子,或直接將貨物裝到車上,不用塑料袋。一些家庭主婦為了少用塑料袋而挎著碩大的藤籃上街購物。德國的旅館也不提供一次性的牙刷、牙膏、梳子、拖鞋。飯店里都使用不銹鋼刀叉,高溫消毒后再重復使用。

31、自備餐盒——減少白色污染

環境浪潮使生產一次性產品的行業正在走下坡路,很多***在開發生產可降解塑料,使其在使用過后能夠在自然界中化解;

有的***已淘汰使用塑料,而用特種紙包裝代替。很多***提倡包裝物的重復使用和再生處理。丹麥、德國規定,裝飲料的玻璃瓶使節后經過消毒處理可多次重復使用,瑞典一家乳制品廠推出一種可以重復使用75次的玻璃奶瓶;

一些發達***把制造木桿筆視為“夕陽工業”,開始生產自動鉛筆。

32、少用一次性筷子——別讓森林變木屑

一次性筷子是日本人發明的,日本的森林覆蓋率高達65%,但他們卻不砍伐自己國土上的樹木來做一次性筷子,全靠進口。我國的森林覆蓋率不到14%,卻是出口一次性筷子的大國。我國北方的一次性筷子產業每年要向日本和韓國出口150萬立方米,減少森林蓄積200萬立方米。

33、舊物巧利用——讓有限的資源延長壽命

***性和生態危機使人們不得不考慮放棄“牧童經濟”,而接受“宇宙飛船經濟”觀念。前者把自然界當作隨意放牧、隨意扔棄廢物的場所;后者則非常珍惜有限的空間和資源,就像宇宙飛船上的生活一樣,周而復紿,循環不已地利用各種物質。

34、交流捐贈多余物品——閑置浪費,捐贈光榮

35、回收廢塑料——開發“第二油田”

不少廢塑料可以還原為再生塑料,而所有的廢塑料——廢餐盒、食品袋、編織袋、軟包裝盒等都可以回煉為燃油。1噸廢塑料至少能回煉 600千克汽油和柴油,難怪有人稱回收舊塑料為開發“第二油田”。

36、回收廢電池——防止悲劇重演

“痛痛病”和“水俁病”都是在日本發生的工業公害病。這是由于含鎘或汞的工業廢水污染了土壤和水源,進入了人類的食物鏈。“水俁病”是汞中毒,患者由于體內大量的積蓄甲基汞而發生腦***神經和末梢神經損害,輕者手足麻木,重者死亡。“痛痛病”是鎘中毒,患者手足疼痛,全身各處都很容易發生骨折。得這種病的人都一直喊著“痛啊 !痛啊!”,直到死去,所以被叫做“痛痛病”。由于普通土干電池都含有這兩種有毒金屬元素,所以說電池從生產到廢棄,時刻都潛伏著污染。電池的回收勢在必行!

37、回收廢紙——再造林木資源

回收1噸廢紙能生產好紙800千克,可以少砍17棵大樹,節省3立方米的垃圾填埋場空間,還可以節約一半以上的造紙能源,減少35%水污染 ,每張紙至少可以回收兩次。 辦公用紙、舊信封信紙、筆記本書籍、報紙、廣告宣傳紙、貸物包裝紙、紙箱紙盒、紙餐具等在***回收后,可再造紙印制成書籍、 稿紙、名片、使條紙等。第二次回收后,還可制成衛生紙。

38、回收生物垃圾——再生綠色肥料

垃圾混裝是把垃圾當成廢物,而垃圾分裝是把垃圾當成資源;混裝的垃圾被送到填埋場,侵占了大量的土地,分裝的垃圾被分送到各個回收再造部門,不占用土地;混裝垃圾無論是填埋還是焚燒都會污染土地和大氣,而分裝垃圾則會促進無害化處理;混裝垃圾增加環衛和環保部門的勞作,分裝垃圾只需我們的舉手之勞。

39、回收各種廢棄物——所有的垃圾都能變成資源

北京的生活垃圾中,每天約有180噸廢金屬可回收。鋁制易拉罐再制鋁,比用鋁土提取鋁少消耗71%的能量,減少95%空氣污染;廢玻璃再造玻璃,不僅可節約石英砂、純堿、長石粉、煤炭,還可節電,減少大約32%的能量消耗,減少20%的空氣污染和50%的水污染。回收一個玻璃瓶節省的能量,可使燈泡發亮4小時。

40、推動垃圾分類回收——舉手之勞戰勝垃圾公害

Recycle"(回收再生)是世界性的潮流和時尚,分類垃圾箱在許多***隨處可見,回收成為婦孺皆知的常識。

歐盟各國自1990年以來為推行“零污染”的經濟計劃努力;

德國開始實施循環經濟和垃圾法,旨在要從“丟棄社會”變成“無垃圾社會”;

奧地利制訂法規,要求到2000年廢物回收率達到80%

法國要求回收75%的包裝物,規定只有不能再處理的廢物才允許填埋;

瑞典的新法規要求生產者對其產品和平共處包裝物形成的廢物負有回收的責任;

美國一些州政府從1987年開始制定了回收的地方法規。

41、拒食動物——改變不良的飲食習慣

在恐龍時代,平均每1000年才有一種動物絕種;

20世紀以前,地球 上大約每4年有一種動物絕種;

現在每年約有4萬種生物絕跡。近150年來,鳥類滅絕了80種;近50年來,獸類滅絕了近40種。近100年來,物種滅絕的速度超出其自然滅絕率的1000倍,而且這種速度仍有增無減。

42、拒用動植物制品——別讓瀕危生命死在你手里

生物多樣性:

一是指生態系統多樣性,如森林、草原、濕地、農田等;

二是物種多樣性,即自然界有上千萬種生物,是豐富多彩的;

三是遺傳多樣性,即基因多樣性,是指在同一種類中,又有不同的個體或品種,我國是早期***生物多樣性公約締約國之一。

43、不獵捕和飼養動物——保護有脆弱的生物鏈

我國已建立400多處植物遷地保護繁育基地、100多處植物園及近800個自然保護區。我國于1988發布《***保護動物名錄》,列入陸生動物300多種,其中***一級保護動物有長臂猿、丹頂鶴等約90種;***二級保護動物有小熊貓、天鵝、鸚鵡230種。

44、制止偷獵和買賣動物的行為——行使你神圣的權利

《中華人民共和國動物保護法》規定:禁止出售、收購***保護動物或者產品。商業部規定,禁止收購和以任何形式買賣***保護動物及其產品(包括死體、毛皮、羽毛、內臟、血、骨、肉 、角、卵、***、胚胎、標本、***部分等)。我國也是《瀕危動植物種***貿易公約》和成員國之一。

45、做動物的朋友——善待生命,與萬物共存

為挽救動物和生存,一些人捐錢“認養”自然保護區中的指定動物,并像看望親屬一樣去定期看望它們。北京部分大學生假期到云南動員當地人保護原始森林和棲息于那里的動物。很多人常去瀕危動物保護中心,吊唁已滅絕的動物。在美國,一些孩子像對待朋友一樣給動物園的動物過生日。一位世界***歌手在上海舉辦了一次特殊的音樂會,聽眾是海里那些瀕臨滅絕的鯨。

46、不買稀有木材用具——別摧毀熱帶雨林

資料表明,大約1萬年以前地球有62億公頃的森林覆蓋著近1/2的陸地,而現在只剩28億公頃了。***的熱帶雨林正以每年1700萬公頃的速度減少著,等于每分鐘失去一塊足球場大小的森林。照此下去,到本世紀末,世界森林面積將再減少2.25億公頃,用不了多少年,世界熱帶森林資源就可能被全部毀壞殆盡。

47、植樹護林——與荒漠化抗爭

森林的消失意味著大面積的水土流失、荒漠化的加速。目前***有100多***,9億人口和25%的陸地受到荒漠化威脅,每年因荒漠化造成的直接經濟損失達400多億美元。我國受荒漠化影響的地區超過國土總面積的1/3,生活在荒漠地區和受荒漠影響的人口近4億,每年因荒漠化危害造成的經濟損失高達540億元以上。

48、樹——做綠林衛士

印度加爾各答農業大學德斯教授對一棵樹的生態價值進行了計算:

一棵50年樹齡的樹,產生氧氣的價值約31200美元;

吸收有毒氣體、防止大氣污染價值約62500疲于奔美元;

增加土壤肥力價值約31200美元;

涵養水源價值37500美元;

為鳥類及其他動物提供繁衍場所價值31250美元;

產生蛋白質價值2500美元。

除去花、果實和木材價值,總計創值約 196000美元。

49、***旅游——除了腳印,什么也別留下

***上已把對環境與自然生態總資源的核算作為衡量一個***的富裕程度的內容之一,聯合國公布的世界各國人均財富的報告中,澳大利亞的經濟富裕程度雖然不及美、日等國,卻因擁有豐富的自然生態資源而被排名為人均財富***,中國被列為第163位。

50、做環保志愿者——拯救地球,匹夫有責

做一個環境志愿者已成為一種***性朝流。很多大公司在錄用人才時,特別注意應征者是否有參加環保公益活動的記錄,以此來判斷其責任感和敬業精神。據報道,美國18歲以上的公民中有49%的人作過義務工作,每人平均每周義務工作4.2小時,相當于2000億美元的價值。在日本及歐洲各國,做環保志愿者也是公民普遍的常規行動。

在我國,做環保志愿者日益成為風尚。

各地公民自顧去內蒙古恩格貝沙漠植樹;

深圳市民自發到長江源頭建自然保護站;

北京大學生周末去社區進行垃圾分類宣傳;

西安有“媽媽環保志愿者活動日”;

吉林志愿者多次組織大規模環保公益活動……

這些行動影響著更多的人,環保志愿者的隊伍正在不斷擴大。

衡美水處理專注水處理設備生產十五年,為您量身定制水處理解決方案

衡水市衡美水處理設備有限公司,專營 淺層砂過濾器 過濾器 全自動加藥裝置 原水處理設備 等業務,有意向的客戶請咨詢我們,聯系電話:0318-2987119

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