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變頻恒壓供水系統(tǒng)介紹

2021-09-29  來自: 環(huán)保水圈 瀏覽次數(shù):797

變頻恒壓供水系統(tǒng)是指在供水管網(wǎng)中用水量發(fā)生變化時,出口壓力保持不變的供水方式。供水管網(wǎng)的出口壓力值是根據(jù)用戶需求確定的。傳統(tǒng)的恒壓供水方式是采用水塔、高水位箱、氣壓罐等設(shè)施實現(xiàn)的。

變頻恒壓

一、變頻恒壓供水系統(tǒng)簡介

近年來,隨著變頻調(diào)速技術(shù)的日益成熟,其顯著的節(jié)能效果和可靠穩(wěn)定的控制方式,在供水系統(tǒng)中得到廣泛的應(yīng)用。變頻恒壓供水系統(tǒng)對水泵電機(jī)實行無級調(diào)速,依據(jù)用水量及水壓變化通過微機(jī)檢測、運(yùn)算,自動改變水泵轉(zhuǎn)速保持水壓恒定以滿足用水要求,是目前科學(xué)、合理的節(jié)能供水系統(tǒng)。與傳統(tǒng)的水塔、高位水箱、氣壓罐等供水方式比較,不論是投資、運(yùn)行的經(jīng)濟(jì)性、還是系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性、可靠性、自動化程度等方面都具有優(yōu)勢

1、有效節(jié)能。與傳統(tǒng)供水方式相比變頻恒壓供水能節(jié)能百分之六十

2、占地面積小,投入少,效率高。

3、配置靈活,自動化程度高,功能齊全,靈活可靠。

4、運(yùn)行合理,由于一天內(nèi)的平均轉(zhuǎn)速下降,軸上的平均扭矩和磨損減少,水泵的壽命將大為提高。

5、由于能對水泵實現(xiàn)軟停和軟起,并可消除水錘效應(yīng)(水錘效應(yīng):直接起動和停機(jī)時,液體動能的急劇變大,導(dǎo)致對管網(wǎng)的沖擊,有很大破壞力)。

6、操作簡便,省時省力。

二、工作原理

變頻恒壓供水系統(tǒng)以管網(wǎng)水壓(或用戶用水流量)為設(shè)定參數(shù),通過微機(jī)控制變頻器的輸出頻率從而自動調(diào)節(jié)水泵電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速,實現(xiàn)管網(wǎng)水壓的閉環(huán)調(diào)(PID),使供水系統(tǒng)自動恒穩(wěn)于設(shè)定的壓力值:即用水量增加時,頻率升高,水泵轉(zhuǎn)速加快,供水量相應(yīng)變大;用水量減少時,頻率降低,水泵轉(zhuǎn)速減慢,供水量亦相應(yīng)減小,這樣就保證了供水效率用戶對水壓和水量的要求,同時達(dá)到了提高供水品質(zhì)和供水效率的目的,“用多少水,供多少水”;采用該設(shè)備不需建造高位水箱,水塔,水質(zhì)無二次污染,是一種理想的現(xiàn)代化建筑供水設(shè)備

三、相關(guān)原理

用變頻設(shè)備來實現(xiàn)恒壓供水,與用調(diào)節(jié)閥門來實現(xiàn)恒壓供水相比,節(jié)能效果十分顯著(可根據(jù)具體情況計算出來)。其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是:

1、起動平衡,起動電流可限制在額定電流以內(nèi),從而避免了起動時對電網(wǎng)的沖擊;

2、由于泵的平均轉(zhuǎn)速降低了,從而可延長泵和閥門等的使用壽命;

3、可以消除起動和停機(jī)時的水錘效應(yīng);

一般地說,當(dāng)由一臺變頻器控制一臺電動機(jī)時,只需使變頻器的配用電動機(jī)容量與實際電動機(jī)容量相符即可。當(dāng)一臺變頻器同時控制兩臺電動機(jī)時,原則上變頻器的配用電動機(jī)容量應(yīng)等于兩臺電動機(jī)的容量之和。但如在高峰負(fù)載時的用水量比兩臺水泵全速供水量相差很多時,

可考慮適當(dāng)減小變頻器的容量,但應(yīng)注意留有足夠的容量。

雖然水泵在低速運(yùn)行時,電動機(jī)的工作電流較小。但是,當(dāng)用戶的用水量變化頻繁時,電動機(jī)將處于頻繁的升、降速狀態(tài),而升、降速的電流可略超過電動機(jī)的額定電流,導(dǎo)致電動機(jī)過熱。因此,電動機(jī)的熱保護(hù)是需要的。對于這種由于頻繁地升、降速而積累起來的溫升,變頻器內(nèi)的電子熱保護(hù)功能是難以起到保護(hù)作用的,所以應(yīng)采用熱繼電器來進(jìn)行電動機(jī)的熱保護(hù)。

在主要功能預(yù)置方面,高頻率應(yīng)以電動機(jī)的額定頻率為變頻器的高工作頻率。升、降速時間在采用PID調(diào)節(jié)器的情況下,升、降速時間應(yīng)盡量設(shè)定得短一些,以免影響由PID調(diào)節(jié)器決定的動態(tài)響應(yīng)過程。如變頻器本身具有PID調(diào)節(jié)功能時,只要在預(yù)置時設(shè)定PID功能有效,則所設(shè)定的升速和降速時間將自動失效。

四、設(shè)備特點(diǎn)

1、采用可編程控制器,程序靈活多變,精度高,可靠性強(qiáng),功能多,反映速度快。

2、均配有穩(wěn)壓泵或穩(wěn)壓罐穩(wěn)壓,在用水量小到限定值時,主泵可停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),減少水泵電機(jī)的機(jī)械磨損并且節(jié)約電能。

3、對水泵均為軟啟動,延長設(shè)備壽命,消除了啟動電流對電網(wǎng)的沖擊。

4、根據(jù)用水量的變化,水泵循環(huán)變頻運(yùn)行,先啟的先停,使水泵均衡工作。當(dāng)一臺泵運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)六小時或二十四小時,自動切換到另一臺。

5、特點(diǎn)為雙恒壓控制,生活消防可公用的一套設(shè)備,為用戶節(jié)約投資。而且一機(jī)兩用,大大的提高了使用效率。

6、結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊,占地面積小 ,安裝快,投資省,運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定。

五、適用范圍

1、各種類型的自來水廠,供水站。

2、工業(yè)與民用建筑的生活、生產(chǎn)、消防用水系統(tǒng)。

3、公共設(shè)施賓館,飯店的生活熱水,空調(diào)供水系統(tǒng)。

4、油田的輸油管道,油泵站恒壓輸送系統(tǒng)和工廠、礦山通風(fēng)機(jī)風(fēng)壓調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)。

5、熱水鍋爐定壓及熱水管道的定壓系統(tǒng)。

六、安裝說明

1、設(shè)備要求按圖正確的與系統(tǒng)安裝,泵房溫度不得低于0攝氏度,不高于40攝氏度,設(shè)備應(yīng)高于地面50-100mm,留有排水溝,各水泵應(yīng)有單獨(dú)的吸水管,地上水池加閘閥,以便維修。

2、安裝盡量少用彎頭,以減少不必要的損失。

3、該設(shè)備經(jīng)廠方技術(shù)人員調(diào)試完畢后,交付用戶的專門管理人員負(fù)責(zé),專用消防設(shè)備,須定制嚴(yán)格管理制度,以達(dá)到一有火情,立即啟動。

七、技術(shù)參數(shù)

輸送液體:清水;

液體溫度:0℃—+70℃;

高使用壓力:20kg/cm³;

小吸入壓力:0.2kg/cm³;

允許吸入壓力:受到高使用壓力限制;

水泵:立式/臥式多級離心泵;

水泵組合臺數(shù):2---6臺;

電源:三相×220/380V×50HZ。

吸入、輸出管:不銹鋼鋼管

八、控制要求

1系統(tǒng)開始供水時,變頻運(yùn)行;

2、三臺泵根據(jù)恒壓的需要,采取“先開先停”的原則接入和退出;

3在用水量小的情況下,如果一臺泵連續(xù)運(yùn)行時間超過3小時,則要切換到下一臺泵,即系統(tǒng)具有“倒泵功能”可避免某一臺泵長時間工作;

4、三臺泵啟動時有延時,減小電流過大時對其他用電設(shè)備的沖擊;

5、要有完善的報警功能;

6、對電機(jī)的操作要有手動和自動兩種控制功能。

九、系統(tǒng)設(shè)計

本設(shè)計綜合PLC在多方面的應(yīng)用,既有開關(guān)量I/O,也有模擬量I/O,及其PID調(diào)節(jié)器的使用。另外,設(shè)計中還使用了變頻器控制。

十、主要應(yīng)用

1、變頻器恒壓供水系統(tǒng)解決方案 本文介紹基于普傳變頻器的恒壓供水系統(tǒng)方案。具體闡述了供水控制原理和變頻方案設(shè)計,給出系供水系統(tǒng)配線圖可供參考。 變頻調(diào)速恒壓供水技術(shù)以其節(jié)能、供水高品質(zhì)等優(yōu)點(diǎn),在供水行業(yè)得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。

2變頻調(diào)速恒壓供水技術(shù)以其節(jié)能、供水高品質(zhì)等優(yōu)點(diǎn),在供水行業(yè)得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。恒壓供水調(diào)速系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)水泵電動機(jī)無級調(diào)速,依據(jù)用水量的變化(實際上為供水管網(wǎng)的壓力變化)自動調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行參數(shù),在用水量發(fā)生變化時保持水壓恒定以滿足用水要求,是當(dāng)今科學(xué)、合理的節(jié)能型供水系統(tǒng)。為市場和客戶考慮,開發(fā)出多泵供水控制系統(tǒng)軟件,配合高性能普傳變頻器,在恒壓供水系統(tǒng)中得到廣泛應(yīng)用。

3、采用普傳變頻器與普傳多泵供水系統(tǒng)專用控制器構(gòu)成控制系統(tǒng),進(jìn)行優(yōu)化控制泵組的調(diào)速運(yùn)行,并自動調(diào)整泵組的運(yùn)行臺數(shù),完成供水壓力的閉環(huán)控制,在管網(wǎng)流量變化時達(dá)到穩(wěn)定供水壓力和節(jié)約電能的目的。

4系統(tǒng)優(yōu)點(diǎn):

1)壓供水技術(shù)因采用變頻器改變電動機(jī)電源頻率,而達(dá)到調(diào)節(jié)水泵轉(zhuǎn)速改變水泵出口壓力,具有降低管道阻力,大大減少截流損失的效能。

2)由于變量泵工作在變頻工況,在其出口流量小于額定流量時,泵轉(zhuǎn)速降低,減少了軸承的磨損和發(fā)熱,延長泵和電動機(jī)的機(jī)械使用壽命。因?qū)崿F(xiàn)恒壓自動控制,不需要操作人員頻繁操作,降低了人員的勞動強(qiáng)度,節(jié)省了人力。

3)水泵電動機(jī)采用軟啟動方式,按設(shè)定的加速時間加速,避免電動機(jī)啟動時的電流沖擊,對電網(wǎng)電壓造成波動的影響,同時也避免了電動機(jī)突然加速造成泵系統(tǒng)的喘振。

4)由于變量泵工作在變頻工作狀態(tài),在其運(yùn)行過程中其轉(zhuǎn)速是由外供水量決定的,故系統(tǒng)在運(yùn)行過程中可節(jié)約可觀的電能(平均百分之二十五以上),系統(tǒng)具有收回投資快,而長期受益,其產(chǎn)生的社會效益也是非常巨大。

衡水市衡美水處理設(shè)備有限公司,專營 淺層砂過濾器 過濾器 全自動加藥裝置 原水處理設(shè)備 等業(yè)務(wù),有意向的客戶請咨詢我們,聯(lián)系電話:0318-2987119

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