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MBR膜生物反應(yīng)器調(diào)試與管理(上)

2020-09-21  來(lái)自: 衡美水處理公眾平臺(tái) 瀏覽次數(shù):1049

如何進(jìn)行水處理?

衡美水處理為您介紹一種經(jīng)久耐用、性能優(yōu)越的水處理設(shè)備——MBR膜生物反應(yīng)器,并向您詳解介紹MBR膜生物反應(yīng)器的調(diào)試與管理。

MBR

一、浸沒(méi)式MBR膜組件的運(yùn)行方法

1、 清水運(yùn)行

1) 檢查和設(shè)置

清水運(yùn)行前,進(jìn)行以下檢查準(zhǔn)備工作。

(a)請(qǐng)?jiān)俅未_認(rèn)空氣管、污水管的正確連接。

(b)確認(rèn)膜元件箱體在曝氣箱上已固定好。

(c)確認(rèn)膜組件放置的反應(yīng)池內(nèi)已清洗完畢。打開(kāi)保護(hù)蓋。泥土和灰塵可能會(huì)對(duì)損壞膜組件。

(d)將清水放入池內(nèi)之前,打開(kāi)空氣排放閥,排出膜元件中的空氣。

(e)將清水(自來(lái)水或過(guò)濾水)放至運(yùn)行水位。

(f)放水完畢后,將空氣排放閥關(guān)閉。

(2)清水運(yùn)行

請(qǐng)按以下要領(lǐng)進(jìn)行清水運(yùn)行。

(a)曝氣鼓風(fēng)機(jī)啟動(dòng)后,請(qǐng)確認(rèn)曝氣量和曝氣的均勻性。

清水運(yùn)行時(shí)可能會(huì)有泡沫產(chǎn)生。這種現(xiàn)象可能是由于膜中含有的不溶性的可生化的親水性物質(zhì)導(dǎo)致的??梢圆还苓@一現(xiàn)象而繼續(xù)運(yùn)行。

(b)一臺(tái)鼓風(fēng)機(jī)對(duì)多臺(tái)膜組件送風(fēng)時(shí),應(yīng)供給保證各個(gè)膜組件的空氣量相同。如果有嚴(yán)重的不同,請(qǐng)檢查管道構(gòu)造(接口管粗細(xì)等)和各送氣管情況,使送氣量達(dá)到一致。

(c)清水調(diào)試時(shí),請(qǐng)檢查控制設(shè)備的性能。

(d)清水調(diào)試時(shí),請(qǐng)測(cè)定設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)濾水量(通常時(shí)及流量上限及下限)的膜間壓差、水溫,并進(jìn)行記錄保管。

(e)清水調(diào)試時(shí),性能測(cè)試結(jié)束后,請(qǐng)馬上停止過(guò)濾和曝氣。

2、 種泥的投加

***進(jìn)行種泥的投加。如果不進(jìn)行種泥投加,直接用膜分離原水,可能較早地產(chǎn)生膜的堵塞。

請(qǐng)按以下要點(diǎn)實(shí)施種泥的投加。

(1)請(qǐng)預(yù)備好處理同種廢水的種泥。推薦采用MLSS濃度在20,000mg/L左右的種泥。

(2)投加種泥后緊接著開(kāi)始投入原水。請(qǐng)通過(guò)微細(xì)格柵(縫隙5mm以下)等來(lái)投入,從而去除夾雜的物質(zhì)。

(3)種泥投入的量應(yīng)能使膜浸沒(méi)槽MLSS濃度在7,000mg/L以上。

請(qǐng)勿使用接種劑。

3、 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)開(kāi)始

種泥投加完畢后,首先開(kāi)始曝氣,接著開(kāi)始過(guò)濾運(yùn)行,同時(shí)開(kāi)始原水供給。過(guò)濾水量穩(wěn)定時(shí),請(qǐng)測(cè)定、記錄下實(shí)際運(yùn)行的過(guò)濾水量下的膜間壓差、水溫。運(yùn)行管理相關(guān)的事項(xiàng)在后面進(jìn)行說(shuō)明。

二、浸沒(méi)式MBR膜組件的運(yùn)行管理

1、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)運(yùn)行條件

膜組件的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)運(yùn)行條件如表7-1所示。

為了保持良好的處理能力,***確保MLSS濃度、黏度、DO(溶解氧)及pH等處理?xiàng)l件在合適的范圍。

原水中含有較多的夾雜物或粗粒的SS(懸浮物質(zhì)),以及油脂成分比重較大時(shí),***進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)那疤幚怼?

又,***添加消泡劑來(lái)除去膜分離槽內(nèi)的泡時(shí),請(qǐng)使用不易積垢的酒精類消泡劑。

此外,表7-1所示的為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的運(yùn)行條件,并不是適合各種廢水處理的條件范圍。使用環(huán)境(特別是污泥性狀)不同時(shí),可能會(huì)有所差異。

MBR

7-1 膜組件的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)運(yùn)行條件

2、 運(yùn)行管理項(xiàng)目

膜組件的運(yùn)行性能隨原水水質(zhì)和所設(shè)運(yùn)行條件變化而變化。為了維持穩(wěn)定的運(yùn)行,推薦您進(jìn)行各項(xiàng)管理項(xiàng)目的數(shù)值等的記錄,從而把握貴公司的膜組件的運(yùn)行性能的變化和特征。

以下為運(yùn)行管理項(xiàng)目的示例。

(1)曝氣量

(2)空氣出口壓力

(3)透過(guò)水流量或膜過(guò)濾流速

(4)膜間壓差(TMP

(5)透過(guò)水水質(zhì)(BODCOD、濁度、TN、TP等)

(6)反應(yīng)池水溫

(7)原水水質(zhì)(BODCOD、濁度、TN、TP等)

(8)剩余污泥排除量

(9)DO(溶解氧濃度)

(10)膜浸沒(méi)槽pH

(11)MLSS

(12)污泥粘度

(13)污泥沉降性能(SV60SVI120

3、膜生物反應(yīng)器的日常檢查

為了膜組件的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行,曝氣狀態(tài)及生物處理的穩(wěn)定尤其重要。請(qǐng)實(shí)行以下所示的日常檢查。

(1)跨膜壓差

檢查跨膜壓差的穩(wěn)定性??缒翰畹耐蝗簧仙砻髂ざ氯陌l(fā)生,這可能是不正常的曝氣狀態(tài)或污泥性質(zhì)的惡化導(dǎo)致的。這種情況發(fā)生時(shí),檢查下列參數(shù)并采取必要的行動(dòng),例如膜組件的化學(xué)清洗

(2)曝氣狀態(tài)

檢查曝氣空氣量是否為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)量、以及是否為均一曝氣。發(fā)現(xiàn)曝氣空氣量異常、有明顯的曝氣不均一時(shí),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行必要的措施:如除去曝氣管的結(jié)垢,檢查安裝情況,檢查鼓風(fēng)機(jī)以及調(diào)整曝氣等。

(3)活性污泥的顏色及氣味

正常的活性污泥的顏色及氣味為茶褐色有凝集性、無(wú)令人不快的氣味。如果外觀及氣味不是這種狀態(tài)時(shí),請(qǐng)適當(dāng)?shù)貙?duì)MLSS、污泥黏度、DO、pH、水溫、BOD負(fù)荷等數(shù)值進(jìn)行檢查。

(4)MLSS

正常的MLSS7,00018,000mg/L。沒(méi)有滿足該條件的場(chǎng)合,可能無(wú)法達(dá)到既定性能,因此請(qǐng)適當(dāng)?shù)卣{(diào)整MLSS范圍:MLSS過(guò)低時(shí),可采用投入種泥或停止污泥排放等措施;MLSS過(guò)高時(shí),可采取增加通向污泥濃縮停留池等的污泥排放量等措施。

(5)污泥粘度

正常的污泥應(yīng)在250mPa*s以下。沒(méi)有滿足該條件的場(chǎng)合,可能無(wú)法達(dá)到既定性能,因此請(qǐng)調(diào)整到正常的粘度范圍:過(guò)高時(shí),可采取更新污泥、增加排向污泥濃縮停留池的污泥排放量等措施。

(6)DO

正常的DO是膜生物反應(yīng)器內(nèi)均為1mg/L以上。沒(méi)有滿足該條件時(shí),如果未超過(guò)曝氣量上限,可采取調(diào)整曝氣條件等必要的措施。

(7)pH

正常的pH68。沒(méi)有滿足該條件的場(chǎng)合,可能會(huì)發(fā)生無(wú)法達(dá)到既定性能的情況,請(qǐng)?zhí)砑铀峄驂A來(lái)調(diào)整pH

(8)水溫

正常的水溫為1540 ℃。沒(méi)有滿足該條件的場(chǎng)合,可能會(huì)發(fā)生無(wú)法達(dá)到既定性能的情況,因此如有可能請(qǐng)采取冷卻、保溫等必要措施。

(9)水位

請(qǐng)檢查膜生物反應(yīng)器的水位是否在正常范圍內(nèi)。發(fā)生異常時(shí)請(qǐng)進(jìn)行以下檢查:

①液面計(jì)的檢查

②透過(guò)水泵的檢查

③膜元件膜間壓差的檢查等。

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